CRISPR/Cas in Echinoderms

Welcome to the Echinobase CRISPR/Cas resource. A brief literature and method review is followed by tables of gRNA spacer sequences.

Updated December 2020

S. purpuratus genome editing to create insertions and deletions

To date CRISPR/Cas9 has been used to introduce insertion and deletion mutations (indels) into S. purpuratus nodall (Lin and Su 2016), polyketide synthase 1, gcml (Oulhen and Wessel 2016), nanos2l (Oulhen et al. 2017) and dll1 (delta) (Mellott et al. 2017) genes. Attempts to mutate foxy (Oulhen et al. 2019) were unsuccessful. A number of different methods were used for gRNA synthesis (several using pT7-gRNA) and NLS-SpCas9-NLS (pCS2-nCas9n (zebrafish codon-optimized), or pCS2-3xFLAG-NLS-SpCas9-NLS (codon optimized for human with a 3XFLAG-tag) were used in these studies (see below for details). The gRNAs and mRNAs were microinjected into fertilized eggs.